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Common
Encyclopedia, Dictionaries, and Reference Sources
Spacing Citations
/ Avoiding Plagiarism
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MLA
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Format:
Author of Specific Entry Last, First. "Title
of Entry." Title. edition # ed.
Year of Publication.
Print.
[Note on Authors: If an entry in an
encyclopedia or other reference work is not signed by an author, the citation
will begin with the title of the entry. Do not include the names of editors
in an MLA citation for this type of text.]
[Note on Editions: For a text
published yearly without an edition number, include year instead of edition
number.]
Sample Citation:
Smith, Hobart. "Horned Lizard." Encyclopedia Americana. 2004 ed.
Print.
For more information on citing reference
sources, see pages 160-161 in the MLA Handbook, 7th edition.
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APA
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Format:
Editor Last, First Initial (Ed.). (Year of
Pub.) Title (# of edition ed., Vols.
# of volumes).
Location of Publisher: Publisher.
Sample Citation:
Shally-Jensen, M., et al. (Eds.) (2004).
Encyclopedia Americana (2004 ed.,
Vols. 30). Danbury:
Scholastic Library Publishing.
Stout, J.J. (2004). Hydroelectric power. In
M. Shally-Jensen, et al., Encyclopedia
Americana (2004 ed.,
Vols. 30). Danbury: Scholastic Library Publishing.
Sample In-Text Reference:
(Shally-Jensen, 2004)
(Stout, 2004, p. 913)
For more information, see page 204 in the
APA Publication Manual, 6th ed.
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Chicago
(Notes)
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[Note: The Chicago style suggests that common reference works
such as encyclopedias and dictionaries be included
in notes and excluded from the bibliography.]
Format:
Note number. Title, # edition., s.v. "Title of entry."
Sample Note:
23. Encyclopedia Americana, 2004 ed., s.v. "Horned Lizard."
[Note: The "s.v." in the entry stands for
sub verbo, or "under the word." The plural form is "s.v.v."]
For more information, see pages 715-716 in the
Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed.
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Chicago
(Author-Date) |
The Chicago style suggests that only specialized
encyclopedias, dictionaries, and other reference works be included in the
list of References. For
more information, see pages 715-716 in the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed.
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ASA
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The ASA style does not include specific instructions for
citing encyclopedias, dictionaries, and other reference works. The following
examples are for multi-volume works.
Format:
Author Last, First. Year of Pub. Title of Series. Vol. #, Title of
Volume.
Publisher Location: Publisher.
Sample Citation:
Gulla, Bob. 2006. Greenwood Encyclopedia of the History of Rock. Vol.
6,
The Grunge and Post-Grunge Years, 1991-2005. Westport, CT:
Greenwood Press.
Sample In-Text Reference:
(Gulla 2006: 67)
For more information, see pages 47-48 the
ASA Style Guide, 3rd edition.
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Turabian
(Notes)
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[Note: The Turabian Notes style suggests that common reference works such as
encyclopedias and dictionaries be included in notes and excluded from the
bibliography.]
Format:
Note number. Title, # edition., s.v. "Title of entry"
Sample Note:
23. Encyclopedia Americana, 2004 ed., s.v. "Horned Lizard."
[Note: The "s.v." in the entry stands for
sub verbo, or "under the word." The plural form is "s.v.v."]
For more information, see pages 191-192 in
the Turabian Manual, 7th edition.
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Turabian
(Author-Date) |
[Note: The Turabian Author-Date style suggests that common
reference works such as encyclopedias and dictionaries be included only in
the text as a parenthetical reference.]
Format:
(Title # of ed., s.v. "Title of
Entry")
Sample In-Text Reference:
(Encyclopedia Americana 2004 ed., s.v.
"Horned Lizard")
For more information, see page 257 in the
Turabian Manual, 7th edition.
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Spacing Citations
Each citation style has specific rules for indentation and spacing within
entries. The
first line of each citation should start at the left margin and subsequent lines subsequent lines
should be indented. Use the following guidelines when preparing your list
of resources:
- MLA: double-space the Works Cited page
- APA: double-space the References page
- Chicago: double-space the Bibliography page
- ASA: double-space the References page
- Turabian: single-space within each entry and double-space between entries
on the Works Cited page
Your list of citations should always be organized alphabetically. For more
detailed information on formatting your essay and creating citations, refer to
the published citation style
guides.
Avoiding Plagiarism
Writers cite their sources for a number of different reasons. However,
there is not a single good reason for the improper use or faulty citation of
research sources. Visit the Citing
Sources Menu Page for information on avoiding plagiarism..
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